全骨鱼-古鳕

双翼鱼属Dipterus
非常类似最初两生类起源的总鳍鱼类(又称叶鳍鱼类)。保留许多古老的特征，包括二个背鳍、类似叶鳍鱼的尾。可能已具备有功能的肺，并表明生活于淡水环境。头骨虽仍原始，由小骨镶嵌而成，但已开始具有异常的骨骼式样，该式样见於较进步的肺鱼中。同样地，证明肺鱼的早期阶段趋向骨骼的极度去骨化。很可能是现代澳洲肺鱼属(Neoceratodus)的直接祖先。

4亿年曲靖古鱼王国再添新种！齿板太松“咬”不动，靠吸食谋生
https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1729894960888769287&wfr=spider&for=pc

Schematic drawing of the skull of Llallawavis scagliai. A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, ventral view; D, caudal view. Abbreviations: aj, arcus jugalis; bo, os basioccipitale; ca, fossa choanalis; cns, crista nuchalis sagittalis; cnt, crista nuchalis transversa; co, condylus occipitalis; ct, crista temporalis; fm, foramen magnum; fp, fenestra palatina; fro, ossa frontalia; fs, 颞下窝fossa subtemporalis; ft,颞 fossa temporalis; lac, 泪骨os lacrimale; lat, os laterosphenoidale; lc, os lacrimale communicans; mx, os maxillare; n, nares; na, os nasale; pa, os palatinum; par, ossa parietalia; pc, prominentia cerebellaris; pmp, processus maxillopalatinus; pmx, os premaxillare;
po,眶后突 processus postorbitalis; pol, processus orbitalis of the os lacrimale; pp, processus paroccipitalis; ps, processus suprameaticus; pt, os pterygoideum; pz, 颧突processus zygomaticus; q, 方骨os quadratum; si, septum interorbitale; sna, septum nasi osseum; tb, tuberculum basilare; vo, vomer.

Reconstruction of the Confuciusornis sanctus skull. A, lateral view, with the details of antorbital and temporal regions remaining uncertain. The bones originally oriented at angles to the sagittal plane and thus flattened in the specimens are shown in their original positions (projecting toward the viewer), which leaves their thickness approximate. This applies especially to the frontal processes of the premaxilla, the lacrimal part of the ethmoidolacrimal complex, and the postorbital process. B, the mandible in medial view, based primarily on SMF Av 420, with the approximate position of the splenial shown by the dotted line. Abbreviations: a, angulare; ar, articulare; d, dentale, corpus; dl, dentale, processus dorsalis lateralis (laterodorsal process); dm, dentale, processus dorsalis medialis (mediodorsal process); dv, dentale, processus ventralis lateralis (lateroventral process); e, ethmoidolacrimal complex; f, frontal; fc, caudal mandibular fenestra (foramen); fl, nasolacrimal foramen; fn, nasal foramen; fr, rostral mandibular fenestra; j, arcus jugalis (jugal bar); l, lacrimale; m, maxillare; n, nasal; oz, 眶颧复合体orbitozygomatic junction; p, parietal; pa, prearticulare; pf, premaxillare, processus frontalis; pm, premaxillare, processus maxillaris; pp, processus postorbitalis; pr, premaxillare, corpus; ps, processus suprameaticus; pz, 颧突processus zygomaticus;
q,方骨 quadratum; r, processus retroarticularis (of the mandible); s, 鳞状骨squamosal; sa, supraangulare (surangular); so, supraorbital margin; sp, spleniale; tb, temporal bar. Scale bars equal 5 mm.

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