In BCE 53, the Parthian general Surana defeated the Roman army in the battle of Carrhae. To consolidate this success,Parthian invaded Syria but failed. Then the civic war had erupted in Roma during which Pompey contended against Caesar who had won the support of Parthian. Sarcastically, Parthian did not gain any profit from the success of Caesar and Caesar in turn prepared to invade Parthian after pacifying the civic situation but was assassinated.
Urged by Quintus Labienus who was taking refuge in Parthian, Prince Pacorus and Labienus invaded Parthian again but were killed by the Roman general Ventidius which led to the assassination of the king by his son. In the year of BCE36, Antonius, one of the Second Triumvirate, marched to Parthian but did not gain any success which put an end to the military conflict between Roma and Parthian among this period which had an important and profound impact on the aspects of politic, military, diplomacy of both sides and even the economical and cultural communication between the east and the west.
Key Words: Parthian; Roma; military conflict; Carrha; Syria